Additionally, the LDL- C/HDL-C ratio could be a positive predictor for coronary lipid-rich plaque and plaque vulnerability in patients with CAD. The LDL-C/ HDL-C ratio was initially put forward in the Helsinki Heart Study, where it was found to be the best predictor of cardiac events across the lipoproteins. LDL-C is positively associated with both the presence and severity of CAD, while HDL-C is negatively correlated with presence and severity of CAD, meaning the ratio of LDL-C/ HDL-C has an amplified prediction effect. Recently, some lipoprotein ratios have been shown to predict the presence and severity of CAD. Moreover, some authors have shown the relationship between lipoproteins and the severity of CAD. In the past few decades, it has become well-known that serum lipoprotein such as total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are the independent indicators for CVD presence.
According to a global research, approximately 17.3 million people died of such cardiovascular disease, which is a far higher rate than that in 1990. Coronary artery disease (CAD), a kind of cardiovascular disease (CVD), is one of the leading causes death all over the world.
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